(1) The dorsal fin is spinous.

(2) Melanin granule obviously increased in spinous cell.

(3) Capsule by soft spinous accessary body.

(4) Conclusions. Spinous process - splitting laminoplasty increases the degree of freedom of the spinal cord.

(5) The C 2 spinous process was pushed ventrally to achieve ideal reduction.

(6) We can see spinous pollen grain in the fruit by microscope.

(7) Objective To evaluate the replantation of lamina and spinous process during laminoplasty in posterior thoracolumbar surgery.

(8) Pseudarthrosis is best assessed through the absence of motion detected between the spinous processes on dynamic radiographs (Class II).

(9) Palpation a step - off, or gross misalignment of the spinous processes may also reveal extensive underlying injury.

(10) The initial posterior bone work is done using rongeur to remove the process spinous and any accessible bone fragments.

(11) Methods:Degenerative spondylolisthesis cases were treated by bilateral partial hemilaminectomy preserving spinous process and H-shape bone grafting between spinous processes and laminae .

(12) We used anteroposterior fluoroscopy to validate that a line from the middle of the manubrium to the mandible bisected the spinous processes and midline of the vertebral bodies.

(13) Radiologically, it is characterized by close approximation and contact of adjacent spinous processes, resultant enlargement, flattening and reactive sclerosis of apposing interspinous surfaces.

(14) We found a technique for recording SSMEP of musculi tibialis anteriors by stimulating the points between spinous processes.