1 Existing shareholders will have pre-emption rights.

2 Pre-emption was the only method of averting defeat.

3 The argument for the pre-emption thesis proceeds from another, which I shall call the dependence thesis.

4 Accordingly, the open offer and clawback preserves the pre-emption rights of existing shareholders of the bidder.

5 IF EVER a ruling elite seemed to justify the Bush-era doctrine of "pre-emption", it is the Kim dynasty in North Korea.

6 In a blow to bigger banks, the bill would roll back the concept of "pre-emption", which has allowed nationally active lenders to answer solely to federal regulators.

7 Botswana also has a pre-emption right over the Oppenheimers' shares, so it may yet increase its stake in De Beers from 15% to 25%.

8 S 92 deals with the consequences of contravening the pre-emption rights the Act confers.

9 To the extent that legitimate authorities have power over us, the pre-emption thesis governs our right attitude to them.

10 The Pre-emptive Thesis From the dependence and normal justification theses it is but a short step to the pre-emption thesis.

11 Does Mr Obama, who opposed that war, accept the idea of pre-emption in any circumstances?

12 Most institutional shareholders have opposed the plan, announced in February, mainly because it ignores their pre-emption rights, or right to participate in the fundraising.

13 Private and institutional shareholders are angry because the deal ignores their pre-emption rights – they should have first refusal on any new shares issued – and would dilute their stakes.

14 That ruling is only the latest in a series of cases over the past decade in which the Court has brushed aside pre-emption claims in favor of state sovereignty.

15 However, when he offers to sell his share, the other co-owners shall have a right of pre-emption if all other conditions are equal.

16 But the shareholder who spoke to the Guardian warned that just respecting pre-emption rights would not be enough to secure investors' approval.