1) The team specifically targeted the olfactory nerve cells, or neurons, in fruit flies that are normally triggered by the smell of ripe fruit.

2) Damaged olfactory nerve cells can regenerate, but don't always reconnect properly in the brain.

3) Olfactory ensheathing cells originate from the olfactory placode. It is glial cell wrapping around olfactory nerve, and can keep neurogenesis throughout the lifetime.

4) When the smell receptors are stimulated, signals travel along the olfactory nerve to the olfactory bulb which is situated just above the nasal cavity and beneath the brain.

5) Especially challenging are those that result from head injuries, whether minor or severe, that disrupt the function of the body's smell receptors — olfactory nerve cells that lie outside the brain.

6) METHODS: The adult SD rats were anaesthetized and decapitated to obtain the whole olfactory bulb and then isolate olfactory nerve with a sterile operation.

7) Results Orbit tumor of a 21 year old young lady extends the encephalic and endangers the olfactory nerve and optic chiasma, even cause olfaction and visual acuity to be declined.

8) Results No HRP label was observed in olfactory bulb after olfactory nerve transaction.

9) It is helpful for understanding olfactory mechanism and discharge motion of olfaction nerve better to study biological olfactory nerve system model.