1. A transport and delivery system for nanogram quantities of molecular species that does not use microfluidic channels, pumps, or valves is described.

2. China requires that incinerators discharge no more than one nanogram of dioxin per cubic metre. The European Union sets a standard that is one-tenth of that amount.

3. It presents a simple method was presented for the separation and preparation of insect pheromones at the nanogram level by using gas chromatography(GC).

4. Based on this, a novel method for the determination of proteins at nanogram levels by using RLS technique has been developed.

5. The first test they did was with a virus dose of one nanogram.

6. As part of the 2007 RoboCup in Atlanta, Georgia, a new fleet of bots debuted in the Nanogram Demonstration competition in July.

7. The two methods were found to have same sensitivity to detect protein in single nanogram quantity. Some unusual silver staining characteristics were analyzed.