1. Objective: To improve the preparation of benzocaine.

2. ANESTHETICS: Benzocaine, pramoxine, and antipyrine relieve pain and pruritus.

3. Benzocaine is synthesized from p-aminotoluene by microscale chemical experiment. The experiment process includes acylation, oxidation, hydrolyzation and esterification etc.

4. Methods: Benzocaine was synthesized from p - nitrobenzoic acid via two steps through esterifying and reduction.

5. Anesthetics in low doses, or local anesthetics such as benzocaine, are also analgesic in function.

6. IMPLICATIONS: Local anesthetic-related methemoglobinemia is a recurring problem and may lead to life-threatening events. The clinical use of benzocaine and prilocaine needs to be reassessed.

7. These creams contain high doses of local anesthetics including lidocaine , tetracaine , benzocaine, and prilocaine.