1. Mustafa Kemal, as he was formerly known, came to prominence during the First World War as the general who, at Gallipoli, defeated the Allied invasion attempt.

2. It was only after Mustafa Kemal declared the establishment of the Republic of Turkey that the capital was moved to Ankara.

3. The Turkish Republic was proclaimed. With Mustafa Kemal ( or Kemal Ataturk ) becoming its first President.

4. They have always seen themselves as the guardians of the modern secular state founded by Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in the 1920s.

5. Turkey, for example, has 11 separate insult laws, including one to protect the memory of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.

6. The war of liberation began in protest to the Mondros Armistice and the Treaty of Sevres, under the command of Mustafa Kemal Pasha.

7. First is the relationship between the Islamic religion and the state that Mustafa Kemal Ataturk founded in 1923 and whose secular nature the army has protected ever since.

8. In 1922 Greek armies trying to conquer western Anatolia were routed by Turkey's military leader, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk.