1. Quantal analysis of excitatory synapses in the hippocampus has proved difficult and has led to contradictory conclusions when applied to long-term potentiation.

2. METHOD Bliss method ( QUANTAL procedure ) was used to calculate LD 50 and 95 % confident limit.

3. The quantal features can be obtained by the canonical procedure of quantization.

4. Conclusion Ethanol can increase the quantal number of transmitters released from presynaptic part. That may be one of the reasons why ethanol can facilitate the transmission at the NMJ.

5. Thus, in favourable cases, amplitude histograms can permit a reliable analysis of quantal size.

6. In the past twenty years, owing to the discovery of Berry's geometrical phase in 1984 , a lot of efforts have been made on quantal adiabatic theorem and geometrical phase .