1. The Slav version of this sort of thing was the complicated bundle of phenomena lumped together as panslavism.

2. But panslavism had little practical effect on policy: it was a matter of popular mood rather than of official ideology.

3. The Dreikaiserbund was again renewed in 1884, but panslavism was becoming more strident.

4. The essence and characteristic of Pan-Slavism was fully showed in the War between Russia and Turkey in 1877-1878.

5. It was guided by a vision of pan-Slavism within the geopolitical setting of the Eurasian land mass.

6. PanNationalism formed Pan-Slavism in the region of Slav of East Europe.

7. As a nationalist movement, pan-Turkism's rise and heyday coincided with similar ideologies in 19th and 20th century Europe, such as Pan-Germanism, Pan-Slavism and even Zionism.