(1) Objective To promote the understanding of severe epididymal orchitis causing funicular blood circulation disorder.

(2) Glycoprotein changes in mouse sperm plasma membrane during epididymal maturation were revealed by Western blot.

(3) We studied the ultrastructure of epididymal spermatozoa viviparous skinks, Mabuya multifasciata and Sphenomorphus indicus.

(4) The epididymal tumor becomes smaller; nevertheless, almost always a residual inflammation remains.

(5) Conclusion: Seminal carnitine concentration may be an appropriate marker of sperm and epididymal function.

(6) Objective To study effect of Chinese herbal composition (Named ZJKL powder) on twomarkers of epididymal function, glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine (GPC) and sialic acid (SA).

(7) Objective : To evaluate the efficacy of L - carnitine on asthenospermia with epididymal knob.

(8) Conclusion:The components in rete testis fluid can regulate the EGFR expression and structure of epididymal duct in initial segment and corpus through different mechanism.

(9) Conclusion: Redo vasovasostomy may be effective in the treatment of the medium and longterm epididymal stasis symptom.

(10) Conclusion: Oral L-carnitine therapy is efficacious for asthenospermia with epididymal knob.

(11) Conclusions: EAO remarkably affects the fertility of male guinea pigs. The orchis and epididymal sperms might be the sites of action.

(12) The ipsilateral epididymides were collected for detecting the content of carnitine by DTNB technique and the apoptosis of epididymal epithelium by TUNEL technique.