1 A proposal mechanism of protonation under FAB was discussed.

2 According to the mechanism , olefin protonation is a process of acid-alkali reaction , so the reaction is easy to happen when the acidity of catalyst and the basicity of olefin are very strong .

3 The result shows that both the protonation of the ligands and the formation of metal complexes are controlled by the change of enthalpy.

4 The protonation of template molecule of tetramethylethylene-diamine( TMEDA) trapped in the channels of zeolite ZSM-35 , ZSM-5 and mordenite was studied by using (13)C CP MAS NMR and chemical analysis.

5 It is very important to determine the protonation constants of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives for studying their colorful performance.

6 The structure and protonation level of conductive polyaniline (PANI) chemically synthesized in different reactive systems have been investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

7 Both batch and kinetics experiments were conducted to study the relationship of protonation and dissolution of Al with proton buffering in 4 red soils of south China.

8 The maximal emission wavelength changes into 400 nm. Further analysis demonstrated that the above changes arise from the variation of protonation states of OFL molecule.

9 The antibacterial ability of chitosan to E. coli was related to the protonation of amino group.

10 Influence of ionic strength, pH, etc. on the solubility, charge, and protonation of amino acids.