1. The tonoplast vesicle preparation was improved.

2. Tonoplast The membrane that surrounds the large central vacuole of plant cells.

3. Results The effect on tonoplast was differently made by MAE and conventional reflux extracting method.

4. Exogenous Si decreased fluorescence intensity of leaf tonoplast and plasma membrane in the two cultivars tested under cold stress, namely, the fluidity increased.

5. Methods By transmission electron microscope, the structure changes about tonoplast in RP and RCAS were observed.

6. Loose, bound Ca was mainly distributed in the cell wall, cell membrane, tonoplast and plastid, and more Ca was deposited in vacuoles.

7. However, some fields such as the concrete regulation mechanism of plant's reaction to Pi deficiency, the Pi transportation across tonoplast are not clear until now.

8. Vacuole A fluid-filled organelle of variable size found in the cytoplasm and separated from it by a single membrane, the TONOPLAST .