1 This reduced body cavity is called a hemocoel.

2 The hemocoel is the main component of the vascular system.

3 Although early instar larvae were present in the host larval hemocoel, only one parasitoid survived to come out of host larva for pupation, killing the larva in the process.

4 Skeleton: hydrostatic skeleton works against the turgor of the hemocoel; the shell gives support in many species.

5 The invention also discloses a promoter used to guide the specific expression of target gene in insect hemocoel.