1. Schistosoma including the life history of adult, egg, miracidium , sporocyst, cercariae and insects, such as children 6 stage.

2. The miracidium must penetrate the skin of a specific species of aquatic snail within a few hours or it will die.

3. Once inside the snail, the miracidium develops into a 1 to 2 mm (0.04 to 0.08 in) long, saclike stage called a redia.

4. Among sedimentation technique, miracidium hatching and indirect ELISA, the last method showed the highest sensitivity.

5. It's suggested that PCR assay for detection of S. japonicum miracidium is high in sensitivity and specificity.

6. Each egg hatches and releases a microscopic free-living larva called a miracidium.

7. Such method and apparatus can also be used to kill the cercaria and miracidium of Schistosoma japonicum in the water contaminated by Schistosomiasis disease.

8. Schistosome infected people or other mammals from the discharge of faecal egg, if manure contaminated the water, eggs were brought into the water, hatched miracidium in the water.