1. Purpose:To investigate the treatment of pyonephrosis.

2. Conclusions The key to the treatment of pyonephrosis by kidney-sparing surgery is early diagnosis, timely drainage and relief of obstruction.

3. Objective: To investigate the feasibility and summarize the experience of the treatment of calculi pyonephrosis with minimally invasive technology of urology.

4. Methods The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of upper tract stone complicated pyonephrosis in 5 cases were reviewed, and discussed in the light of literature.

5. Objective To discussesing the diagnosis and analysis the elderly Upper Urinary TractObstruction with pyonephrosis and the Renal Function Failure.Sentence dictionary

6. Conclusion Combined application of varied MRI techniques should be highlighted in differentiation of tuberculous pyonephrosis and hydronephrosis with a higher accuracy of diagnosis.

7. Objective To summarize the experiences of pneumatic lithotripsy under ureteroscope for pyonephrosis due to calculus obstruction.

8. Objective: To explore the safety and efficiency of intracavitary therapy for complex upper urinary lithangiuria with pyonephrosis.

9. To investigate the efficiency and safety of kidney sparing operation by mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) in the treatment of calculous pyonephrosis .

10. Methods:Surgical treatment and antibiotic treatment had been performed in 64 cases of pyonephrosis.

11. Purpose : To improve the diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract obstruction complicated with pyonephrosis.

12. Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of surgical endoscopic techniques in treating calculous pyonephrosis.

13. Discussion: Early diagnosis and treatment is to reduce the chronic renal failure complicated with pyonephrosis incidence, improve survival and quality of life measures important.