1, At last, the development trend of the enterprise reverse channel is discussed based on the past research.

2, Its reverse channel is composed of access channel and traffic channel.

3, Finaily, we analysed the reverse channel decision of closed-loop supply chain with competing manufactures and competing retailers.

4, A reverse channel system is the precondition of reusing and recycling of disused resources and the guarantee for smooth development of circular economy.

5, A sequential path searching method for demodulating a reverse channel in a mobile communication system.

6, The reverse channel relates to many members such as consumers, manufacturers, suppliers, distributors, reclaiming organizations and so on, each of which has its own function.

7, It consists of a power compensation algorithm based on reverse channel prediction and a common closed -loop power control algorithm.

8, In addition,(http:///reverse channel.html) the beginning investment parameter was defined in measuring the difficulty for each supply chain members to build their reverse channel.

9, Experimental results demonstrate that the given system has received perfect performance in maintenance of reverse channel of HFC.

10, Studies find that manufacture gains more profit but faces greater risk in the indirect reverse channel of closed-loop supply chain, and the precaution mechanism helps manufacture against losses.