1) Conclusion X. cheopis, Pulex irritans and Monopsyllus anisus are the targeted subjects for plague control in Longlin county.

2) Human flea Pulex Irritans grey marmot (Marmota baibacina) strain was experimentally infected with virulent Y. pestis 883, with infection rates of 58% for female and 51% for male fleas.

3) A bite by Pulex irritans, Ctenocephalides felis and Ctenocephalides canis will not only cause excitation and pain, but also allergic reaction of certain degree.

4) Pulex irritans was an important vector of human plague in Yunnan.

5) The certain concentrations of fipronil approaching the LC50 can negatively affect population parameters of Daphnia pulex.

6) Toxic M. aeruginosa PCC7820 not only decreased the survival rate and population increase rate but also delayed maturation of Daphnia pulex.