1. Tire structure unsymmetry results in conicity and ply - steering, and has significant influence on tire mechanical behavior.

2. Taking the tire conicity and ply-steering into account is very important to develope tire empirical or semi-empirical model from tire experimental data.

3. The definition of conicity of a cone is presented. The least square evaluation method for conicity given coning is introduced.

4. It can be used in measuring not only dimensional and shape errors, but also relative positions as in the cases of perpendicularity, parallelness, conicity, distance between holes, etc.

5. The effects of technique parameters, cooling cavity structure and conicity of inner-mold on shaping of hollow tubes were discussed.

6. Objective To study the associations of body mass index(BMI) and conicity index(CI) with blood pressure.