1. Ideally, according to the investigators, an effective calmative would be easy to administer and be adaptable for use in a variety of forms, fast-acting but short-lived, and reversible.

2. Serves as an intestinal calmative and aids in nutrient absorption and elimination of gastric odors leading to bad breath.

3. But darts filled with a nonlethal "calmative" agent are another matter.

4. In the end, determining whether a calmative gas can be made safe and effective depends on how those criteria are defined.

5. Its extract was of expansive application prospect used as calmative, anti - inflammatory , antidepressant and antineoplastic.

6. Despite advances, drug delivery "remains a key issue in the development of calmative agents as nonlethal techniques, " the Penn researchers pointed out.